The basic objective of each traffic control plan (TCP) is to permit the contractor to work within the public right of way efficiently and effectively, while maintaining a safe, uniform flow of traffic. Both construction work and the public must be given equal consideration when developing a traffic control plan. In addition, when considering the public, attention must be given

resembles the Dispersed Sheet urban form of Kevin Lynch, which he described as having “maximum flexibility, personal comfort, independence and where local participation is highly possible”. Trend extension is the result of individuals building anywhere according to their own preferences and convenience with minimal government intervention.

The principal is exactly similar to plan table surveying, it may be stated as “The position of the object with ref to the base line is given by the intersection of the rays drawn to it form each end of the base line” In plane tabling most of the work is executed in the field while in this method it is done in the office.

Design of reinforced concrete transfer floors, although routinely performed by structural design engineers, is a very challenging task. The transfer floors are commonly used in multi-storey buildings, and they are major structural elements carrying a number of floors. Normally the entire building, 10 to 15 levels, is carried by a transfer slabs. The major problem is the evaluation

A tape is a flexible device used for measuring linear distances. There are tapes made of many materials, such as cloth, kevlar, steel, and invar. The most common tape used by surveyors is the steel tape. Standard lengths are 100 feet (for English unit surveys) or 30 meters (for SI unit surveys). Tapes are usually marked at every foot or meter. At the ends of the tape, there