ITS infrastructure is composed of many systems that work together to perform integrated functions. ITS infrastructure includes the following systems: 1. Traffic signal control systems 2. Freeway management systems 3. Transit management systems 4. Regional Multi-Modal traveler information system 5. Emergency management systems 6. Electronic toll

Hydropower (from hydro, meaning water) is energy that comes from the force of moving water. The fall and movement of water is part of a continuous natural cycle called the “water cycle”. Energy from the sun evaporates water in the Earth’s oceans and rivers and draws it upward as water vapor. When the water vapor reaches the cooler air in the atmosphere, it condenses

The soil properties on which their classification and identification are based are known as index properties. The index properties which are used are: Grain Size Distribution Consistency Limits Plasticity Index The sieves are arranged, keeping the finest below and the coarser above it. A definite quantity of soil is dried in an electric oven (for 24 hrs at 105°C) and put in the top sieve.

Hydropower is the most widely used renewable energy technology. It is a mature technology and its strengths and weaknesses are equally well understood. Advantages and disadvantages of hydropower schemes can be listed in terms of economic, social and environmental aspects. Hydropower plants can provide peak load service. Their fast response times enable

The recent floods in 2010 have badly destroyed the headworks and causing a huge loss the agriculture potential of the area and country as well but due to strong struggle and insists of the people of shabqadar ( Merzai, Katozai, Mahzara etc). It was reconstructed in record time. If in case it was not constructed in time it may have cause a huge loss to the agriculture