Paints may be used for many purposes. The main purposes of paint are to provide: 1. Decoration to Interiors and Exteriors of a Building 2. Protective Layer 3. Ease of Cleaning They are used to enhance the interior and exterior of a building by adding pigments, lightness or darkness Reflective surfaces can be also be obtained Now a days textures are also added for different designs

The consolidation by a roller does not require special cements; however, when RCC is to be used in mass concrete, the recommendation of selecting cements with lower heat generation. Mineral admixtures are used extensively in RCC mixtures. The use of large amounts of mineral admixtures reduces both the adiabatic temperature rise of concrete and costs, and

The chief chemical components of ordinary Portland cement are: Calcium, Silica, Alumina, Iron. Calcium is usually derived from limestone, marl or chalk while silica, alumina and iron come from the sands, clays & iron ores. Other raw materials may include shale, shells and industrial byproducts. The chief compound which usually form in process of mixing:

There are lots of environmental impacts of Cement on our ecology. One of the major problems is emission of CO2 from the Cement industry. It is found that world yearly 1.6 billion tons production of cement covers 7% of carbon dioxide's yearly production. As CO2 is harmful for human health and also for the wild life. It causes many respiratory problems like asthma, bronchitis, and nasal infections.

1. Sheet Pile wall 2. Core wall + Sheet pile wall or Cut off wall 3. Core wall + Cut off trench 4. Core wall + Impervious blanket at the upstream surface 5. Flattening the downstream face 6. Rockfill toe on the downstream 7. Horizontal drainage / filter on the downstream side 8. Providing coarse section on the downstream face of the dam. There are three