To identify the classification to which any road belongs, the following factors should be considered: SERVICE FUNCTION:- Most roads provide service to traffic, access to land or both. Following road type provide the service function given as; Freeways and Arterials ==> provide the movement of through traffic. Local roads ==> are used almost exclusively for land

Their main function is to facilitate regional distribution of traffic (intercity movement). They may be national or provincial roads and the type of facilities found in this class are freeways, expressways, dual carriageways and single carriageway main roads. This class of road forms the primary network for the urban area as a whole. All long distance traffic movements to

There are three distinct parts to an analysis of the stability of a slope. They are:. If the analysis is for a natural slope, it is essential that the sample be undisturbed. In such important respects as rate of shear application and state of initial consolidation, the condition of testing must represent as closely as possible the most unfavorable conditions ever likely

Consider an element at a depth z below the ground surface, When the wall is at the point of moving away (Outwards) from the backfill, there are two kinds of pressure acting on it. In this case the sand back-fill behind the retaining wall is saturated with water. The lateral pressure is made up of two components: Lateral pressure due to submerged weight (gamma)

The ballast should be renewed from time to time, because due to continuous hammering the ballast converted into the powder form. This powder along with dust, sand ashes from locomotive form an impervious layer and prevent the ease flow of water through ballast. Ballast maximum size is 1.9 to 5.0 cm with some reasonable proportion of intermediate sizes.