All the forms of precipitation are measure on the basis of vertical depth of water that would accumulate on a level surface of precipitation remained where it fell. In metric system precipitation is measure in millimeters and tenths. Any open receptacle with vertical side can be used as a gauges for measuring rainfall. These refined receptacles with vertical side can be

There are various scientific theories of origin and evolution of the earth

Seismology is study of the generation, propagation and recording of the elastic waves and the source that produce them. Engineering geology is the application of geological data, techniques and principles to the study of rock and soil surfacing materials, and ground water. This is essential for the proper location, planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of engineering structures.

Feldspar is the most abundant minerals. There are two types. 1. Orthoclase feldspars contain potassim (KalSi3O8) and usually range from white to pink. 2. Plagioclase feldspars contain sodium (KalSi3O8), calcium (CaAl2Si2O8) or both, and range from white to gray to black,. Feldspars have moderate hardness.

Geologist define rock as aggregates or mass composed of one or more commonly, several of minerals. There are few exceptions to this rule: not all rocks are composed of minerals-for example, coal. Engineers (or contractor) define rock to be hard, durable material that can't be excavated without blasting. The definition is based on strength and durability.