Every underground utility locating technology has its own limitations. 
There is no single technology that can be used for every type of utility, soil type, and site. Many factors, including characteristics of expected underground utilities, geological conditions at the site, environmental

The most widely used approach for wastewater pipelines condition assessment is to define condition states based on a set of variables collected by visual inspections. A state is defined as “a combination of specific level of variables that provides a complete description of the dynamic behavior of the system”. The current condition of an asset and its likely rate of

The under investment in public works programs; 
 The lack of good management systems for infrastructure; 
 Failure to recognize the importance to the future economy of maintaining a sound physical infrastructure; 
 Cut-backs that have slashed public-works budgets; 
 Failure to replace the infrastructure as fast as it wears out; 
 failure to realize that lack of physical infrastructure

Transportation, Water and Waste water, Waste Management, Energy production and distribution, Buildings, Recreation facilities, Communication. Transportation: Ground transportation (roads, bridges, tunnels, railroads) 
 Air transportation (airports, heliports, ground facilities, air-traffic control) 
 Waterways and ports (inland waterways, shipping channels, terminals, dry docks, sea

Microsimulation models track individual vehicle movements on a second or sub second basis. Microsimulation relies on random numbers to generate vehicles, select routing decisions, and determine behavior. Because of this variation, it is necessary to run the model several times with different random number seeds to obtain the desired accuracy. There will be a