Traffic Highway and Transportation Engineering

Flexible pavement:

Are those pavements which reflect the deformation of subgrade and the subsequent layers to the surface.

Rigid pavement:

The rigid characteristic of the pavement are associated with rigidity or flexural strength or slab action so the load is distributed over a wide area of subgrade soil.... [Read More]

The aim of location survey is to select a route with the following points kept in mind... [Read More]

Includes collecting, transporting, and disposing of surface/subsurface water originating on or near the highway right of way or flowing in streams crossing bordering that right of way.

Drainage of highway is important because water damage highway structure in many ways. The water which are dangerous for highways are.... [Read More]

Preserving and keeping each type of roadway, roadside, structures as nearly as possible in its original condition as constructed or as subsequently improved and the operation of highway facilities and services to provide satisfactory and safe transportation, is called maintenance of Highways.... [Read More]

Intersection also commonly known as crossroad is any place where two or more than two roads intersect or meet each other at grade. According to a source there are total 973 intersections in Karachi City. Intersections may be signalized or non-signalized, may or may not have a roundabout.

The intersections encompassed by a roundabout are considered as safe intersections. The efficiency of an intersection is determined on the basis of how well an intersection accommodates the demands of all road users. The performance of a signalized intersection is judged on the basis of its signal timings.... [Read More]

Flexible Pavements

Rigid Pavement

Comparison of Flexible & Rigid

Advantages

Culverts

It is a transverse and totally enclosed drain under a road or railway.

Common Culvert types

Arch | Bridge | Single Pipe | Box | Pipe Arch

LOS is a scale which defines the operating conditions on highway. It is a measure of the restrictive effects of the increased volume, level of service as proposed by manual ranges from A to F, A is ideal level and F is worst level of service. .... [Read More]

Factors affecting LOS

It is a vehicle unit used for expressing highway capacity. One car is considered as a single unit, cycle, motorcycle is considered as half car unit. Bus , truck causes a lot of inconvenience because of its large size and is considered ..... [Read More]

It is the ability of a road to accommodate traffic volume. It is the maximum hourly rate at which vehicles can reasonably be expected to cross a point on a roadway during a given time period under prevailing traffic roadway and control condition. For multi lane highway it is 2000 pcphpl, and for 2-lane highway is 2800 pcph (passenger car per hour)...... [Read More]

A freeway or corridor is a long stretch of road connecting various large and small streets intersecting it at various spots. They provide a non stop, comfortable and an easy access to the road users without delays and with less vehicular fuel costs with the presence of grade separated junctions including flyovers and underpasses..... [Read More]

It is the ability of a road to accommodate traffic volume. It is the maximum hourly rate at which vehicles can reasonably be expected to cross a point on a roadway during a given time period under prevailing traffic roadway and control condition. For multi lane highway it is 2000 pcphpl, and for 2-lane highway is 2800 pcph (passenger car per hour)...... [Read More]